Michigan Teens Can Work as Young as 14 — But These Labor Laws, Permits, and Restrictions Are Crucial to Know First

Michigan is home to thousands of hardworking and motivated teens eager to gain real-world experience, earn a paycheck, and build valuable skills for their future. But before minors can officially enter the workforce, there are specific labor laws they — and their employers — must follow. From age requirements to work permits and job restrictions, Michigan law is designed to protect young workers while still allowing them opportunities to grow and learn.

Whether you’re a teenager hoping to land your first job, a parent trying to guide your child, or an employer looking to stay compliant, understanding Michigan’s labor laws for minors is essential.

Minimum Age to Work in Michigan

In Michigan, the general minimum age to work is 14 years old, aligning with federal child labor standards. However, there are a few exceptions:

• Minors under 14 may be employed in limited situations, such as delivering newspapers, working as a babysitter, acting or performing in entertainment productions, or working on a family farm (with parental permission).
• 11-year-olds and up may work as golf caddies or perform light agricultural work under certain conditions.

Work Permit Requirements

Most minors in Michigan need a work permit before they can begin employment. This applies to both in-state and out-of-state employers if the minor resides in Michigan.

Who Needs a Permit?

All minors under 18 must obtain a work permit unless the job falls under an exemption category (e.g., informal babysitting, yard work, or jobs with immediate family).

How to Get a Work Permit:

1. The minor must receive a job offer from an employer.
2. The minor’s school provides the official work permit form:
   • CA-6 form for those under 16
   • CA-7 form for those aged 16-17
3. The employer fills out their portion of the form.
4. A parent or guardian signs the form.
5. The school issues the completed permit, which must be kept on file by the employer.

Note: Permits are valid only for the specific job and employer listed. A new job means a new permit.

Working Hour Restrictions by Age

Michigan limits the hours minors can work depending on their age and whether school is in session. Here’s a quick reference table:

Age	School Days	Non-School Days	Curfew
14-15	Up to 3 hours/day, 18 hours/week	Up to 8 hours/day, 40 hours/week	No work before 7 a.m. or after 9 p.m.
16-17	Up to 4 hours/day, 24 hours/week	Up to 10 hours/day, 48 hours/week	Cannot work between 10:30 p.m. and 6 a.m. (with some exceptions)

Minors enrolled in a work-based learning program may receive exceptions to these limits with proper authorization from their school and the state.

Job Restrictions for Minors in Michigan

Michigan law restricts minors from working in occupations considered hazardous or inappropriate based on age.

Jobs Prohibited for All Minors Under 18:

• Operating heavy machinery or power-driven tools
• Roofing, demolition, excavation, or logging
• Exposure to radioactive substances or hazardous chemicals
• Driving a motor vehicle for work-related duties
• Serving alcohol (unless only clearing tables in an establishment that serves alcohol)

Additional Restrictions for Minors Under 16:

• Cooking over an open flame or using certain kitchen equipment
• Loading or unloading trucks
• Working in warehouses or construction zones

These restrictions help protect minors from dangerous work environments while allowing them to participate in safe and educational job roles.

Exceptions to the Rules

There are a few situations where minors may be allowed to work outside the usual limits:

• Family businesses (non-hazardous): Minors may work without a permit or hour restrictions if employed by their parents.
• Agricultural jobs: Teens as young as 11 can work on farms with parental consent.
• Entertainment industry: Michigan allows minors to work in film, theater, and music with a special permit from the Department of Labor and Economic Opportunity (LEO).
• Work-based learning: Vocational training or internship programs through schools can allow extended hours and broader job duties.

Penalties for Non-Compliance

Employers who violate Michigan’s child labor laws may face serious consequences, including:

• Fines of up to $10,000 per violation
• Suspension or loss of business licenses
• Criminal charges in severe or repeated cases

For minors and families, failure to comply with work permit rules could lead to termination of employment and ineligibility for future youth employment opportunities.

Conclusion

Michigan offers teenagers a great opportunity to gain experience and earn money — but only if they and their employers follow the law. With the right work permit, a safe job, and hours that don’t interfere with school, minors can build a strong foundation for their future. Staying informed about Michigan’s labor laws ensures a safe, legal, and rewarding work experience for all involved.

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